• String Concept
• Introduction to String in C
• Storing Strings
• The string Delimiter
• String Literals (String Constants)
• Strings and Characters
• Declaring Strings
• Initializing Strings
• Strings and the Assignment Operator
• String Input Functions / Reading Strings
• String Output Functions / Writing Strings
• String Input-Output using fscanf() and fprintf() Functions
• Single Character Library Functions / Character Manipulation in the String
• String Manipulation Library Functions
• Programs Using Character Arrays
• Array of Strings (2D Character Arrays)
• Programs Using Array of Strings

• Understanding Memory Addresses
• Pointer Operators
• Pointer
• Pointer Advantages and Disadvantages
• Declaration of Pointer Variables
• Initialization of Pointer Variables
• Dereferencing / Redirecting Pointer Variables
• Declaration versus Redirection
• Void Pointer
• Null Pointer
• Compatibility
• Array of Pointers
• Pointer to Pointer
• Pointer Arithmetic

Dynamic Memory Allocation Functions

• Functions
• Advantages of using functions
• Defining a function
• Calling a function
• Return statement
• Function Prototype
• Basic Function Designs
• Programs Using Functions
• Scope
• Recursion
• Iteration vs Recursion
• Nested functions
• Variable Length Number of Arguments
• Parameter Passing Techniques – Call by value & Call by Address
• Functions Returning Pointers
• Pointers and One-Dimensional Arrays
• Pointers and Two-Dimensional Arrays
• Passing 1D arrays to Functions
• Passing 2D arrays to Functions
• Pointers and Strings
• Passing Strings to Functions
• Pointer to Function

• Object Attributes
• Scope
• Extent
• Linkage
• auto
• static
• extern
• register

• The #include Preprocessor Directive & User defined header files
• The #define Preprocessor Directive: Symbolic Constants
• The #define Preprocessor Directive: Macros
• Conditional Compilation Directives
• #if
• #else
• #elif
• #endif
• #ifdef
• #ifndef
• #undef
• #error
• #line
• #pragma

• Structures
• Structure Type Declaration
• Structure Variable Declaration
• Initialization of Structure
• Accessing the members of a structure
• Programs Using Structures
• Operations on Structures (Copying and Comparing Structures)
• Nested structures (Complex Structures)
• Structures Containing Arrays (Complex Structures)
• Array of Structures (Complex Structures)
• Pointer to Structure
• Accessing structure member through pointer using dynamic memory allocation
• Pointers within Structures
• Self-referential structures
• Passing Structures to Functions
• Functions returning Structures
• Unions
• Differences between Structures & Unions
• Enumerated Types / enum keyword
• The Type Definition / typedef keyword

Bit fields